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Preserving Wood Artifacts

Caring for Wooden Artworks

Wood is perhaps one of the most difficult materials to preserve. Its organic nature makes wood especially prone to the ravages of time and decay.

Nonetheless, there are steps you can take to ensure that your wood artifacts withstand the test of time.

Water

Water, particularly salt water, is an enemy of wood artifacts.

If you have recovered shipwreck treasures or other waterlogged wood, your first step is to remove any salt.

Soak the item in a 5% muriatic acid (often called pool acid) solution for several weeks, then in plain distilled water until the acid smell is gone.

Next, soak the item in a polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution for one to twelve months, depending on the item.

This will force out the water and replace it with the stronger PEG compound. Open the container after about half the allotted time has expired to allow the water to evaporate.

When you are finished, rinse the item again in warm water to remove any residue.

Humidity

If your wood artifact has not been soaked in water, or if you have completed a PEG treatment, your item will be safe to store.

Under normal storage conditions, the biggest enemy of wood is humidity.

Too much can cause your piece to decay, while too little can dry it out and crack.

The ideal humidity level for storing wood artifacts is between 25% and 65%. If you live in a particularly humid location, consider using a dehumidifier in your storage room.

Ensure that your piece has plenty of air circulation and regularly inspect for signs of mold growth and insect infestation.

Sunlight

Sunlight can cause your wood item's finish to yellow or decay.

Avoid storing wooden pieces in areas that receive direct sunlight.

Bright room lights can also have a negative effect on wood finishes. Also avoid storing wood artifacts against exterior walls, which are prone to extremes of light, temperature and humidity.

Temperature

Wood is fairly stable, but should not be exposed to extreme temperature variations.

Heat and cold can cause wood pieces to expand and contract, eventually causing cracking or other damage.

Avoid storing wood artifacts in basements or garages that are not climate-controlled. Also be sure to keep your pieces away from fireplaces and other heat sources that could cause them to ignite.

Handling

It is best to handle your wood artifacts as little as possible.

However, if the item will be handled, a coat of protective wax can help to guard against damage. Look for a paste wax product that is recommended for the type of wood contained in your item.

Different pieces require different products, so it best to seek professional advice that is specific to your piece.

Wood is an organic material that is prone to decay. However, it is also remarkably strong.

Preserving wood artifacts need not be difficult or expensive. The trickiest wood pieces are those that have been salvaged from salt water, which require a bit of extra handling to protect.

Otherwise, a bit of common sense can go a long way towards preserving your pieces for future generations to enjoy.

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